December 2000 Volume23 Number 5 Rs 20

The calendar of your choice

The Zoroastrian community floundered through the first,survived the second, and is now on the thresholdof the third millennium. They can choose to be pro­ gressive and carry the torch forward or dim the light with regressive recrimina­ tions.

To guide and assist the communityat

the start of the new millennium, Parsiana presents a calendar for 2001 which the Shahenshahis, Kadmis and Faslis can follow.

In addition,whilst deciding on their course of action in the coming months readers can mull over the quizprepared by Parsiana and carried in this issue to gaugetheir level of awareness of com­ munity issues. Of the 70 questions listed, if you have answered 50 plus questions accurately, you deserve to be recog­ nized as a knowledgeable Zoroastrian! A score of 30 ro 50 would indicatethat you have yet not learntto make the right choices! A failure to get the correct answer for less than 30 queries means that you need to study the issues of Parsiana moreintently!

A sourceof recreation could be the reading of Gujaratiidioms which are almost forgotten thesedays (see "Taaraa mone saakar").Try using them in your daily parlance to relive tije colors and flavors associated with our community.

A regularfeature of our December issues for the last coupleof years has been the inclusion of the Gregorian cal­ endarfor the forthcoming year. To en­ able the differentsections of the com­ munity to followthe calendar of their choice, the mahsand rozs of the Shahenshahi, Kadmi andFasli calen­ dars are accommodated herein. Readers will appreciate that we have included a 13th month for January 2002 anticipat­ ing its usage. While the abbreviated version of the mah for each calendaris specified at the top of the page (please refer to the list of abbreviations in case

of doubt),in the case of the rozs (men­ tioned againsteach date) the first line bears the Shahenshahi and Kadmi roz and the second line,the Fasli roz. During the months of July and August when the Shahenshahi and Kadmi rozs do not tally beginning with the first Kadmi Cathaday (i.e. July 17) and endingwith the last Shahenshahi Catha day (i.e. August 20), the first line bears the Shahenshahi roz, the second line, the Kadmi roz, and the last line, the Fasli roz.

Listed here an the abbreviations of

the mahs:Fravardin (Frav),Ardibehesht (Ardi),Khordad (Khor), Tir (Tir), Amardad (Amar), Shahrevar(Shah), Meher(Meh), A van (A van), A dar (Adar), Dae (Dae),Bahman (Bahm), Spandarmad (Span).

Before the three calendarscame into existence, the sole one used was in tune with the seasons,with the New Year being observed in spring. To ensure this harmony with nature and to synchronize it with the solar calendarof 36514 days, the ancient Zoroastrians intercalated an extra month of 30 days, Spandarmad, every 120 years (14 x 120 = 30 days). As per the existing records, the last time a month was intercalated was somewhere between 1125 and 1131 AC. This cor­ rection in the religiouscalendar was apparently done by the community in India, without the knowledge of those in Iran. The difference of one month was realized some six centuries later when Mobed Jamasp Velayati visited Surat from Kerman.

Around the mid 18thcentury a group of priests from Surat decidedto adopt the Iranian calendar and called them­ selves the Kadims- the ancient ones. The others choseto refer to themselves as the Shahenshahis - following the royal calendar. Both the groups were insistent that theirswas the rightcalen­ dar. Thereafter neither group interca-

lated the additional Spandarmad month with the resultthat the Shahenshahi New Year is now in August,and the Kadmi New Year observedby the Iranis in India is in July.

The Iraniansobserve March 21, the spring equinox,as their New Year for it is considered nature'sday of transformation when everything with the grace of life manifestsa physical resurrection after the monthsof harsh, cold winter and hibernation. The Zo­ roastrians in Indiawho consider Jamshedi Navroz or March 21 as their New Year are the Faslis who have their roots in the ZarthostiFasli Sal Mandai founded by Kharshedji Cama in 1906. Following the leap year logic, they add a sixth Catha day, Roz-e Wahizag, every four years to ensure that their New Year is permanently celebrated on March 21. Besidesthe New Year, the devotional gahambar days too would then be appropriately observed in the correct seasons,and prayingof the Rapithvin (midday) gah whichis recommended in spring and summer when the sun is hotter makes logical sense insteadof the present practiceof praying this gah duringthe cold months because the Shahenshahi and Kadmi calendars have slipped back in time.

Yazdegirdi 1370/71for all three, Shahenshahi, Kadmi and Fasli calen­ dars, dates back to the coronation of the last Zoroastrian SassanianKing Yazde­ gird III in 632 AC. Next to the month line atop every page, readers will notice the year according to theYazdegirdiera (AY 1370or 1371, where AY stands for Anno Yazdegirdi = in the year of Yazdegird).

We are grateful to noted catererTanaz Godiwalla for sponsoring the Parsiana calendar as her largessehas enabled us

. to maintainthe same cover price of the issue as last year.

Test your community knowledge

We all like to think we are knowledgeable about the community: have a reason- able understanding of the religion and its accom- panying dogmas: exult in the accomplishments of our	c) Edulji Dinshaw d) Dinshaw Avari 5) In the first 21 years of the Congress movement, three Parsis occupied the office of Congress president a total	Pakistan to arrange a visit for Gandhi after Partition? a) Jehangir Patel b) Nusli Wadia c) Sorabji Ratnagar d) Cowasji Chhoi	21) What is the name of Britain's oldest warship afloat which was built by Jamsetjee Bomanjee Wadi a? a) HMS Implacable b) HMS Trincomalee c) HMS Victory
forebears. Here is a quiz compiled by Parsiana to	of five times. Who were they? a) Dadabhai Naoroji	13) Mohammed Ali Jinnah's wife's maiden name was	d) HMS Foudroyant
enable each reader to gauge	b) Sir Pherozeshah Mehta	a) Dina Wadia	22) Which is the oldest
his/her awareness of matters	c) Sir Dinsha Wacha	b) Ruttenbai Petit	Parsi baug in Bombay?
pertaining to the community.	d) Shapurji Saklatwalla	c) Rati Wadia	a) Gamadia Colony
The correct responses are		d) Dina Petit	b) Rustom Baug
given at the end of the quiz. Of the 70 questions listed, if	6) Who is the only Indian to have served as India's attor-	14) Who was called the	c) Dadar Parsi Colony d) Nowroz Baug
you have answered 50 plus	ney general for three terms?	Grand Old Man of India?
questions accurately, you	a) Tehmtan Andhyarujina	a) Mancherjee Bhownaggree	23) Who is the current
deserve to be recognized as	b) Hormusji Seervai	b) Rustom Masani	president of the Federation
a knowledgeable Zoroas-	c) Soli Sorabjee	c) Manchershaw Avari	of Parsi Zoroastrian
trian! A score of 30 to 50	d) Bakhtawar Lentin	d) Dadabhai Naoroji	Anjumans of India?
would indicate that you have			a) Jamshed Guzder
yet not learnt to make the	7) Who was India's first	15) Who was the first Indian	b) Lt Gen Adi Sethna
right choices! A failure to get	Field Marshal?	knight and baronet?	c) Dr Sam Bhacca
the correct answer for less	a) Jemi Manekshaw	a) Cowasjee Jehangir	d) Eruch Irani
than 30 queries means that	b) Adi Tarapore	b) Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy
you need to study the issues	c) Sam Manekshaw	c) Dinshaw Petit	24) Who is the current
of Parsiana more intently!	d) Jal Cursetjee	d) Byramjee Jeejeebhoy	president of the Federation
Parsiana has verified the			of Zoroastrian Associations
authenticity of the information	8) Who was the most highly	16) Who was western India's	of North America?
to the best of its abilities. In	decorated officer in the	first female graduate?	a) Rohinton Rivetna
case we have erred on any	Indian Air Force?	a) Hamabai Mehta	b) Framroze Patel
answers, readers are wei-	a) Minoo Engineer	b) Gulestan Billimoria	c) Dolly Dastoor
come to point out the discre-	b) As pi Engineer	c) Cornelia Sorabji	d) Roshan Rivetna
pancies, citing their source.	c) Teestar Master	d) Freany Bomanji
	d) Edul Dhatigara		25) The number of Parsis in
1) Who is the speaker of the		17) Who was India's first Par-	India according to the 1991
· South African National	9) Who was the first Indian	si ambassador to the USA?	census is
Assembly?	mayor of Bombay?	a) K. T. Satarawala	a) 76,382
a) Dr Frene Ginwala	a) Dosabhoi Framji Karaka	b) Nani Palkhivala	b) 77,000
b) Phiroshaw Camay	b) B. K. Boman-Behram	c) Khusro Rustamji	c) 57,577
c) Soli Shapurjee	c) Sir Homi Modi	d) Minoo Masani	d) 67,000
d) Dr Khorshed Ginwala	d) Homi Taleyarkhan
		18) Nariman Point is named	26) According to the 1986
2) Who was the only Parsi	10) The first Indian to hold	after	government census the
leader of the opposition in	office as head of the	a) Fali Nariman	number of Zoroastrians in
the Indian parliament?	Bombay administration was	b) Khurshed Nariman	Iran was stated to be
a) Piloo Modi	a) A. D. Gorwala	c) Jehangir Nariman	a) 80,000
b) Homi Taleyarkhan	b) Sir Rustom P. Masani	d) Jamshed Nariman	b) 70, 641
c) Minoo Masani	c) Jamsheed Kanga		c) 60,400
d) Sir Homi Mehta	d) Rustom Anklesaria	19) Who built the Taj Mahal	d) 90,891
		Hotel in Bombay?
3) Who was in the cabinet	11) Who was the additional	a) Dorabji Tata	27) Parsis could have more
of the Premadasa	police commissioner in	b) Ratan Tat a	than one wife until which year?
government of Sri Lanka?	Bombay who investigated	c) J. R. D. Tata	a) 1856
a) Kairshasp Choksy	the plot to kill Mahatma	d) Jamsetji Tata	b) 1789
b) Pesi Pestonjee	Gandhi?		c) 1900
c) Framroze Rustomjee	a) Jal Contractor	20) Who donated money for	d) 1865
d) Pallonji Kapadia	b) Keki Daruwalla	the construction of Flora
	c) Jamshid Nagarvalla	Fountain?	28) What was the name of
4) Who is remembered as the	d) Sam Patel	a) Cursetji Parekh	the English pastor who
builder of modern Karachi?		b) Rustom Cursetji	converted Parsis to
a) Jamshed Marker	12) Who was the textile	c) Neville Wadia	Christianity in 1839?
b) Jamshed Mehta	businessman who flew to	d) Jamshed Guzder	a) Francis Bacon

2 Parsiana December 2000

b) Dr John Wilson c) Thomas Aquinas a)70 b)71 b) Dr Vispi Jokhi c) Dr Rahid Mehta c) Pilloo Rabadi d) Jeroo Rabadi d) Thomas Becket c) 72 d)73 d) Dr Keki Masalwalla 56) Indian danseuse 29) Where was the first dar- 47) Who was the first lady Hutokshi Reporter's screen e-meher consecrated in 38) In which month of the dentist in India? name was North America? a) Chicago b) New York Parsi calendar do Parsis abstain from eating meat? a) Khorshed a) Dr Jerbanu Mistri b) Dr Phiroza Davar c) Dr Banoo Avasia a) Cuckoo b) Madhumati c) Bindu c) Toronto d) Los Angeles b) Avan c) Meher d) Dr Mehra Dalal d) Helen d) Bahman 48) Who was Mohammed 57) Music director Saras- 30) India's northernmost atash adarian is located at 39) Which element of nature Ali Jinnah's doctor? a) Dr Jal Patel wati Devi's real name was a) Maneck Minocherhomji a) Mhow b) Delhi c) Agra do Parsis revere on Avan mah, Avan roz? a) Fire b) Dr Noshir Antia c) Dr Farokh Udwadia d) Dr Minocher Mody b) Khorshed Minocherhomji c) Aban Mistry d) Penaaz Masani d) Indore b) Water 31) The fire in the Shapurji c) Earth d) Sun 49) Who is the father of the Indian atomic energy 58) Who was the first Indian to conduct the New York Jokhi Agiary at Godrej program? Philharmonic Orchestra? Baug was originally consecrated in a) Navsari 40) In which region did Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam a) Dr Jamshed Bhabha b) Dr Jamshed Sethna c) Dr Homi Bhabha a) Cyrus Mehta b) Jini Dinshaw c) Zubin Mehta b) Bharuch c) Lonavla d) Tavdi originate? a) Asia b) The Middle East d) Dr Homi Sethna 50) Which is the largest d) Pervez Doctor 59) Who composed the 32) The holy fire of lranshah c) The Orient d) Europe private limited company in India? longest and most complex work in the entire literature was sheltered in which a) Tatas of music? caves in India? a) Ajanta and Ellora 41) Pouruchisti was the name of Zoroaster's b) Godrej and Boyce c) Bombay Dyeing· a) Zenobia Vakii-Patel b) Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji b) Elephanta c) Mahakali d) Bahrot a) daughter b) wife c) niece d) Shapoorji Pallonji 51) The first chikoo and c) Bhikhaiji Palamkote d) Mehli Mehta d) granddaughter grapefruit orchard in India 60) Freddy Mercury's real 33) How many fires are used in the consecration of 42) Where did the epic hero was set up by a) Ardeshir Irani name was a) Faredoon Balsara an atash behram fire? Faridoon chain the evil King b) Aflatoon Jehani b) Farok Bulsara a)20 b) 16 Zohak? a) Mount Everest c) Farhang Irani d) Shapur Demehri c) Farrokh Bhesania d) Faredoon Bhesania c) 18 b) Mount Damavand d) 10 c) Mount Kilimanjaro 52) The fourth oldest 61) In 1965 who was d) Mount Abu surviving newspaper in the crowned Miss India? 34) How many atash world is a) Meher Mistry behrams are there in India? 43) The term 'Towers of Silence' was coined by a) The Times of India b) The Bombay Samachar b) Persis Khambatta c) Mehr Jesia a) Seven a) Henry Smith c) Jam-e-Jamshed d) Pheroza Cooper b) Eight c) Nine b) Murphy Richard c) Robert Murphy d) The New York Times 62) The National Gallery of d) Ten d) Henry Williams 53) Which author was nomi- Modern Art in Bombay is 35) On Fridays, Bombay 44) How many dokhmas nated for the Booker Prize? a) Rohinton Mistry housed in a) Framjee Cawasjee Hall Parsis regularly frequent are located at Bombay's b) Boman Desai b) Sir Cowasjee Jehangir Hall which fire-temple? a) Boyce b) Aslaji Doongerwadi? a) Five b) Three c) Dina Mehta d) Firdaus Kanga c) Cowasjee Jehangir Art Gallery d) Asiatic Library c) Soonaiji d) Ranji c) Four d) Two 54) Which of Bapsi Sidhwa's novels was made 63) Which artist's rendition into the film 1947 Earth? of Zoroaster is most 36) The cloth covering a priest's mouth is called 45) G6PD is a deficiency of a) Calcium a) The Ice-Candy-Man b) The Crow Eaters commonly seen? a) Pestonji Bomanji a) padan b) Enzymes c) The Bnde b) Jehangir Lalkaka b) pardo c) gariyan c) Hormones d) Sugar d) An American Brat c) Sorab Pithawalla d) Manchershaw Pithawalla d) gireban 55) What is the real name of 37) How rnany strands are 46) Who is considered the father of Indian orthopedics? the actress Shami? a) Nergish Rabadi 64) Which of the following artists is associated with there in a kusti? a) Dr Rustom Katrak b) Soonu Rabadi continued on page 30

e

3 Parsiana December 2000

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TEST YOUR COMMUNITY ... continued from page 3	means a) Curd	Nariman; 19) Taj Hotel in Bom­ bay built by: Jamsetji Tata; 20)	Father of Indian atomic energy: Homi Bhabha; 50)
sculptures?	b) Wheat	Donated towards Flora Foun­	Largest private limited com­
a) Mickey Patel b) Pilloo Pochkhanawala	c) Rice d) Chicken	tain construction: Parekh; 21) Britain's oldest warship afloat:	pany: Godrej and Boyce; 51) First orchard: Ardeshir
c) Shiavax Chavda		HMS Trincomalee; 22) Oldest	Irani; 52) Fourth oldest survi­
d) Jehangir Sabawala	70) What food is cooked	Parsi baug in Bombay: Now­	ving newspaper: The Bom­
	on the fourth day after	roz Baug; 23) President of	bay Samachar, 53) Author
65) The first aii-Parsi cricket	death?	Indian Federation: Guzder; 24)	nominated for Booker Prize:
team went to England to play against the British in a) 1885	a) Curry rice b) Dhansak c) Khichree patia	President of American Fede­ ration: Patel; 25) Parsis in India: 76,382; 26) Zoroastrians in	Mistry; 54) Bapsi Sidhwa's novel: The Ice-Candy-Man; 55) Shami's name: Nergish
b) 1895 c) 1886	d) Dhan dal	Iran: 90,891; 27) More than one wife until: 1865; 28) English	Rabadi; 56) Hutokshi Repor­ ter's screen name: Madhu­
d) 1896	Answers	pastor who converted Parsis:	mati; 57) Music director
	1)African speaker: Frene Gin­	Wilson; 29) First dar-e-meher	Saraswati Devi's real name:
66) Diana Eduljee belongs	wala; 2) Leader of opposition:	in North America: New York;	Khorshed Minocherhomji;
to which sport?	Masani; 3) Sri Lanka's cabi­	30) Northernmost atash	58) First Indian to conduct
a) Swimming	net: Choksey; 4) Builder of	adarian: Mhow; 31) Jokhi	New York Philharmonic
b) Cricket c) Cycling	modern Karachi: Mehta; 5) Congress presidents: Nao­	Agiary fire consecrated in: Tavdi 32) lranshah sheltered	Orchestra: Zubin Mehta; 59) Composer of the longest
d) Athletics	roji, Mehta, Wacha; 6) Attor­ ney general for three terms:	in: Bahrot; 33) Number of fires in atash behram fire: 16; 34)	music piece: Sorabji; 60) Freddy Mercury's real
67) Who won India's first	Sorabjee; 7) India's first Field	Atash behrams in India: Eight;	name: Farok Bulsara; 61)
gold medal in the Asian	Marshal: Sam Manekshaw; 8)	35) On Fridays Parsis frequent:	Miss India 1965: Persis
Games yachting	Most highly decorated Indian	Aslaji; 36) The cloth covering	Khambatta; 62) National
championship in 1982 in	officer: Aspi Engineer; 9) First	priest's mouth: Padan; 37)	Gallery of Modern Art
the Fireball Class?	Indian mayor of Bombay:	Strands in kusti: 72; 38) Parsis	housed in: Sir Cowasjee
a) Farokh Tarapore and Zarir Karanjia	Karaka; 10) First Indian head of Bombay administration	abstain from meat: Bahman; 39) On Avan mah and roz,	Jehangir Hall; 63) Most commonly seen artist's im­
b) Goshpi and Byram Avari	Masani; 11) ACP investiga­ ting Gandhi's assassination	Parsis venerate: Water; 40) Zoroastrianism, Judaism,	pression of Zoroaster: Sorab Pithawalla; 64) Artist asso­
c) Fali & Jeejee Unwalla	Nagarvalla; 12) Textile busi­	Christianity and Islam origi­	ciated with sculptures:
d) Jehangir Jehangir and Cyrus Cama	nessman who arranged for Gandhi's visit to Pakistan: Patel; 13) Jinnah's wife's	nated in: Middle East; 41) Pouruchisti was Zoroaster's: Daughter; 42) Faridoon	Pochkhanawala; 65) First aii-Parsi cricket team went to England: 1886; 66) Diana A
68) Who is the author	maiden name: Ruttenbai	chained Zohak on: Mount	Eduljee associated: Cricket; W
of Pars/ Food and CustomS?	Petit; 14) Grand Old Man of India: Naoroji; 15) First Indian	Damavand; 43) 'Towers of Silence' coined by: Robert	67) Asian Games winner: Farokh Tarapore and Zarir
a) Jeroo Mehta	knight and baronet: Jamset­	Murphy; 44) Number of dokh­	Karanjia; 68) Author of
b) Bapsi Nariman	jee Jejeebhoy; 16) First	mas: Five; 45) G6PD deficiency	Pars/ Food and Customs:
c) Katy Dalal	female graduate: Sorabji; 17)	of: Enzymes; 46) Father of	Bhicoo Manekshaw; 69)
d) Bhicoo Manekshaw	First Parsi ambassador to the	Indian orthopedics: Katrak; 47)	Chello means: Rice; 70)
	USA: Palkhivala; 18) Nariman	First lady dentist: Avasia; 48)	Food cooked on fourth day
69) In Iranian cuisine chello	Point named after: Khurshed	Jinnah's doctor: Patel; 49)	after death: Dhansak

With best wishesfrom

Farah & Tanya

30 Pars1anaDecember 2000